Fig. 3

Hazard ratios of each risk factor for all-cause mortality among early-onset dementia and late-onset dementia groups. The hazard ratios are expressed as boxes and the 95% confidence intervals are expressed as limit lines. Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratios; CI, confidence intervals. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard models included age, sex, risk factor of interest (hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, hyperlipidemia, and osteoporosis), other risk factors in Charlson comorbidity index, socioeconomic status, and residential area as independent variables