Fig. 2

3xTg-AD females exhibit progressive Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology. A Quantitative analysis of Aβ plaque deposition across sagittal brain sections in female and male 3xTg-AD mice at 6-, 12-, 15-, 18-, and 21-months-old. B Representative images of hippocampal sections from 18-month-old female and male 3xTg-AD mice stained with a beta- amyloid-specific antibody (n = 3–8/sex + age). Red squares highlight regions with differences in immunoreactivity between sexes. C Quantitative analysis of phosphorylated-tau (Ser202, Thr 205) positivity in the CA1 and subiculum of female and male 3xTg-AD mice at 6-, 12-, 15-, 18-, and 21-months-old. D Representative images of hippocampal sections from 18-month-old female and male 3xTg-AD mice stained with a phosphorylated-tau-specific antibody (n = 3- 8/sex + age). Red squares highlight regions with differences in immunoreactivity between sexes. E Quantitative analysis of total tau positivity surrounding the hippocampus of female and male 3xTg-AD mice at 6-, 12-, 15-, 18-, and 21-months-old. F Representative images of hippocampal sections from 18-month-old female and male 3xTg-AD mice stained with a tau- specific antibody (n = 5–8/sex + age). Red squares highlight regions with differences in immunoreactivity between sexes. Data were analyzed with a linear regression model (see extended results in Supplementary Table 3, Additional file 3). Asterisks indicate significant differences between compared groups (* = p < 0.05, ** = p ≤ 0.01, *** = p ≤ 0.001, **** = p ≤ 0.0001). Error bars represent mean with SD