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Table 2 Association of MAFLD, its subtypes with all-cause and cause-specific dementia

From: Association of MAFLD and MASLD with all-cause and cause-specific dementia: a prospective cohort study

 

No. of participants

No. of cases (%)

Crude modela

Multivariable model 1b

Multivariable model 2c

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

All-cause dementia

        

MAFLD-

248,438

3,202 (1.29)

Reference

-

Reference

-

Reference

-

MAFLD+

155,068

2,530 (1.63)

1.30 (1.23, 1.37)

< 0.0001

1.08 (1.02, 1.14)

0.0081

1.03 (0.98, 1.09)

0.2556

No SLD

247,986

3,197 (1.29)

Reference

-

Reference

-

Reference

-

Non-MAFLD steatosis

452

5 (1.11)

0.89 (0.37, 2.13)

0.7841

1.03 (0.43, 2.48)

0.9443

1.08 (0.45, 2.60)

0.8593

MAFLD (diabetes)

18,345

672 (3.66)

3.14 (2.89, 3.41)

< 0.0001

2.02 (1.85, 2.20)

< 0.0001

1.80 (1.65, 1.96)

< 0.0001

MAFLD (overweight/obesity)

133,927

1,805 (1.35)

1.06 (1.00, 1.13)

0.0411

0.92 (0.87, 0.98)

0.0060

0.90 (0.84, 0.95)

0.0003

MAFLD (lean metabolic disorder)

2,796

53 (1.90)

1.55 (1.18, 2.03)

0.0016

1.21 (0.92, 1.58)

0.1771

1.21 (0.92, 1.59)

0.1731

Alzheimer disease

        

MAFLD-

248,438

1,411 (0.57)

Reference

-

Reference

-

Reference

-

MAFLD+

155,068

944 (0.61)

1.10 (1.01, 1.19)

0.0244

0.94 (0.86, 1.02)

0.1548

0.92 (0.84, 1.00)

0.0511

No SLD

247,986

1,409 (0.57)

Reference

-

Reference

-

Reference

-

Non-MAFLD steatosis

452

2 (0.44)

0.80 (0.20, 3.20)

0.7528

1.01 (0.25, 4.06)

0.9846

1.04 (0.26, 4.18)

0.9528

MAFLD (diabetes)

18,345

225 (1.23)

2.38 (2.06, 2.74)

< 0.0001

1.55 (1.35, 1.79)

< 0.0001

1.46 (1.26, 1.69)

< 0.0001

MAFLD (overweight/obesity)

133,927

703 (0.52)

0.94 (0.86, 1.03)

0.1676

0.84 (0.76, 0.92)

0.0002

0.83 (0.75, 0.91)

< 0.0001

MAFLD (lean metabolic disorder)

2,796

16 (0.57)

1.06 (0.65, 1.73)

0.8186

0.87 (0.53, 1.42)

0.5701

0.87 (0.53, 1.42)

0.5734

Vascular dementia

        

MAFLD-

248,438

602 (0.24)

Reference

-

Reference

-

Reference

-

MAFLD+

155,068

672 (0.43)

1.83 (1.64, 2.05)

< 0.0001

1.43 (1.28, 1.60)

< 0.0001

1.32 (1.18, 1.48)

< 0.0001

No SLD

247,986

601 (0.24)

Reference

-

Reference

-

Reference

-

Non-MAFLD steatosis

452

1 (0.22)

0.94 (0.13, 6.66)

0.9483

1.02 (0.14, 7.26)

0.9845

1.13 (0.16, 8.05)

0.9022

MAFLD (diabetes)

18,345

248 (1.35)

6.12 (5.28, 7.10)

< 0.0001

3.60 (3.09, 4.19)

< 0.0001

2.95 (2.53, 3.45)

< 0.0001

MAFLD(overweight/obesity)

133,927

406 (0.3)

1.27 (1.12, 1.44)

0.0002

1.05 (0.92, 1.19)

0.4715

1.00 (0.88, 1.14)

0.9759

MAFLD (lean metabolic disorder)

2,796

18 (0.64)

2.79 (1.75, 4.46)

< 0.0001

2.00 (1.25, 3.20)

0.0039

2.01 (1.25, 3.22)

0.0037

  1. HR, hazard ratio; MAFLD, metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease; SLD, steatotic liver diseases
  2. aAnalysis by Cox proportional hazards model
  3. bAdjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, education, Townsend deprivation index, income levels, smoking status, alcohol intake and physical activity
  4. cAdditionally adjusted for APOE ε4 genotypes and cardiovascular diseases
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Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1758-9193