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Table 5 Results of multiple linear regression analyses for the associations between protein intake categories and cognition in old adults with no decrease in food intake over the past 3 months (n = 182)

From: Protein intake and episodic memory: the moderating role of the apolipoprotein E ε4 status

 

Total score

Episodic memory score

Non-memory score

 

\(\:\varvec{\beta\:}\)

p

\(\:\varvec{\beta\:}\)

p

\(\:\varvec{\beta\:}\)

p

 

Overall

 

Model 1a

 

 High

0.243

< 0.001

0.192

< 0.001

0.120

0.107

 

 Medium

0.083

0.142

0.032

0.521

0.071

0.319

 

 Low

-

 

-

 

-

  

Model 2b

 

 High

0.218

< 0.001

0.161

0.002

0.085

0.259

 

 Medium

0.068

0.276

0.002

0.970

0.045

0.528

 

 Low

-

 

-

 

-

  

APOE4-positive

 

Model 1c

 

 High

0.483

0.002

0.510

< 0.001

0.323

0.081

 

 Medium

0.112

0.392

0.091

0.473

0.125

0.445

 

 Low

-

 

-

 

-

  

Model 2d

 

 High

0.401

0.017

0.442

0.014

0.233

0.161

 

 Medium

-0.017

0.909

-0.001

0.993

-0.043

0.783

 

 Low

-

 

-

 

-

  

APOE4-negative

 

Model 1c

 

 High

0.154

0.015

0.081

0.113

0.031

0.703

 

 Medium

0.029

0.635

-0.033

0.509

0.020

0.796

 

 Low

-

 

-

 

-

  

Model 2d

 

 High

0.144

0.028

0.064

0.221

0.012

0.881

 

 Medium

0.033

0.595

-0.034

0.494

0.022

0.785

 

 Low

-

 

-

 

-

  
  1. APOE4 apolipoprotein ε4, VRS vascular risk score, GDS geriatric depression scale
  2. By multiple linear regression analysis (low protein intake served as the reference group)
  3. a Adjusted for age, sex, apolipoprotein ε4, education, and clinical diagnosis
  4. b Adjusted for age, sex, apolipoprotein ε4, education, clinical diagnosis, VRS, GDS score, annual income, physical activity, fruit/vegetable, fasting glucose, and HDL- or LDL- cholesterol
  5. c Adjusted for age, sex, education, and clinical diagnosis
  6. d Adjusted for age, sex, education, clinical diagnosis, VRS, GDS score, annual income, physical activity, fruit/vegetable, fasting glucose, and HDL- or LDL- cholesterol