Fig. 3
From: Different associations between body mass index and Alzheimer’s markers depending on metabolic health

Mediation analysis via amyloid-mediated pathways. In this study, UW was defined as a BMI less than 18.5 kg/m2, NW was defined as between 18.5 kg/m2 and 24.9 kg/m2, and O was defined as a BMI greater than 25 kg/m2. Statistically significant associations are expressed as solid lines, whereas non-significant associations are indicated by dashed lines. β value for each association are written on the line. (A) Aβ positivity fully mediated the association of BMI status with HV in the whole population. In the MH group, obesity was associated with higher HV only mediated by the absence of Aβ positivity. (B) The association of BMI status with MMSE was also fully mediated by Aβ positivity in the total population. Obesity was associated with higher MMSE, and only mediated by the absence of Aβ positivity in the MH group. Aβ(+) = amyloid beta positivity; HV = hippocampal volume; MMSE = mini-mental state exam; NW = normal weight group; O = obesity; UW = underweight