Fig. 10

Gut-derived metabolites served as intermediaries for communicating the “gut-brain” axis. Overexpressed Aβ and neuroinflammation in 5×FAD mice disrupted the microflora structure. Microbial depletion induced by ABX in turn alleviated neuroinflammation by modulating the interactions between Aβ and microglia and astrocytes. It proved that “gut-brain” could transmit information bidirectionally: top-down from the brain to the gut and bottom-up from the gut to the brain