Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity and brain ventricular size as biomarkers of early dementia with Lewy bodies

Table 1 Demographic and clinical data of participants

	DLB (n = 23)	AD (n = 26)	PD (n = 27)	Controls (n = 31)	p-value^A	p-value DLB vs controls^B	p-value DLB vs AD^B	p-value DLB vs PD^B	p-value AD vs controls^B	p-value PD vs controls^B	p-value AD vs PD^B
Age in years, median (IQR)	75 (72–77)	73.5 (68–76)	70 (64–75)	72 (63–77)	0.079	0.056	0.119	0.013	0.471	0.742	0.270
Sex male, n(%)	17 (73.91)	10 (38.46)	17 (62.96)	12 (38.71)	0.02	0.014	0.021	0.546	1.000	0.113	0.102
MDS-UPDRS III median (IQR)	19 (13–32)	2 (1–5.5)	20 (14–23.5)	0 (0–2)	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.525	0.683	< 0.001	< 0.001
MEC-35 median (IQR)	30 (25.25–31.75)	27.50 (25–30.75)	34 (31.5–35)	34 (32–35)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.374	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.664	< 0.001
MoCa median (IQR))	18 (14.5–22)	16 (12.5–19.75)	25 (23–27)	26 (24.5–28)	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.247	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.177	< 0.001
Time since diagnosis in months, median (IQR)	2 (0–4)	2 (0–5)	10 (0–26)	-	< 0.001	-	0.831	0.001	-	-	< 0.001
Time since first motor complaint in years, median (IQR)	2 (1–3)	-	2 (1–4)	-	0.389	-	0.819	0.213	-	-	0.435
Time since first cognitive complaint in years, median (IQR)	2 (1–3)	3 (2–4)	2 (1–5)	-	0.093	-	0.039	0.135	-	-	0.993

DLB Dementia with Lewy bodies, PD Parkinson’s disease, AD Alzheimer’s disease, IQR interquartile range, MDS-UPDRS III Movement Disorders Society – Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, MEC-35 Spanish version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, MoCa Montreal Cognitive Assessment
^AFisher’s Exact test for qualitative variables or Kruskal–Wallis test for quantitative variables
^BFisher’s Exact test for qualitative variables or Mann–Whitney U Test for quantitative variables

ISSN: 1758-9193