Fig. 2

PVS enlargement over follow-ups and with advancing age in cognitively unimpaired subjects. A-B CSO- and BG-PVS volumes increased over time (CSO: B = 0.03 [95%-CI 0.02, 0.05], p < 0.001; BG: B = 0.05, 95%-CI [0.03, 0.07], p < 0.001). Histograms show respective distribution of rates of change in cognitively unimpaired individuals, using transformed data, corrected for effects of age, sex, education, total intracranial volume and regional volumes of WMH of presumed vascular origin. We Box-Cox transformed and z-scored PVS volumes. Plotted PVS volumes were furthermore adjusted for effects of sex, education and total intracranial volume. C Moderate, positive correlation of CSO- and BG-PVS change rates. Change rates were corrected for linear and quadratic age effects, sex, years of education, sbTIV as well as regional volumes of WMH of presumed vascular origin. D Within a three-year period, volumes of WMH of presumed vascular origin may emerge in the vicinity of PVS. Example images of a CU participant from two different axial slices