Changes in choroidal thickness quantified by Optical Coherence Tomography across cognitive impairment: data from the NORFACE cohort

Castilla-Martí, Luis; García-Sánchez, Ainhoa; Martínez, Joan; Rosende-Roca, Maitée; Vargas, Liliana; Tartari, Juan Pablo; Casales, Federico; Rodríguez, José Nelet; Bein, Natali; Alegret, Montserrat; Ortega, Gemma; Espinosa, Ana; Sanabria, Ángela; Pérez-Cordón, Alba; Muñoz, Nathalia; García-Gutiérrez, Fernando; Blazquez-Folch, Josep; Miguel, Andrea; de Rojas, Itziar; García-González, Pablo; Puerta, Raquel; Olivé, Clàudia; Capdevila, Maria; Muñoz-Morales, Álvaro; Bayón-Buján, Paula; Cano, Amanda; Fernández, Victoria; Valero, Sergi; Tárraga, Lluís; Ruiz, Agustín; Boada, Mercè; Castilla-Martí, Miguel; Marquié, Marta

doi:10.1186/s13195-024-01616-3

Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Table 3 Raw and adjusted CT measurements differences across diagnostic groups

From: Changes in choroidal thickness quantified by Optical Coherence Tomography across cognitive impairment: data from the NORFACE cohort

Group (n)	Mean	SD	Mean^aa	SEM^aa
Center
CU (n = 301)	222.58	84.04	177.25	5.63
MCI-AD (n = 196)	196.52	78.01	193.69	5.45
MCI-Va (n = 112)	189.68	84.63	194.94	7.37
ADD (n = 578)	168.03	79.00	187.00	3.51
VaD (n = 93)	176.61	82.26	205.04	8.35
In Temporal
CU (n = 301)	214.28	80.46	169.03	5.19
MCI-AD (n = 196)	191.38	68.00	189.08	5.02
MCI-Va (n = 112)	185.91	80.54	191.02	6.80
ADD (n = 578)	167.59	74.58	186.51	3.23
VaD (n = 93)	170.97	71.26	198.53	7.70
In Superior
CU (n = 301)	228.44	78.72	184.09	5.42
MCI-AD (n = 196)	204.80	75.79	201.98	5.25
MCI-Va (n = 112)	199.94	79.06	205.67	7.10
ADD (n = 578)	176.12	78.81	194.42	3.38
VaD (n = 93)	180.41	77.03	209.27	8.04
In Nasal
CU (n = 301)	202.75	83.72	156.91	5.69
MCI-AD (n = 196)	186.79	84.62	184.08	5.51
MCI-Va (n = 112)	175.98	78.14	181.83	7.45
ADD (n = 578)	153.26	79.02	172.23	3.54
VaD (n = 93)	165.60	88.73	194.76	8.44
In Inferior
CU (n = 301)	205.74	81.29	157.96	5.34
MCI-AD (n = 196)	181.82	75.47	178.71	5.17
MCI-Va (n = 112)	173.94	83.35	178.98	6.99
ADD (n = 578)	152.10	74.46	172.50	3.33
VaD (n = 93)	164.76	80.76	193.15	7.92
Out Temporal
CU (n = 301)	205.26	72.99	164.57	4.81
MCI-AD (n = 196)	185.64	64.57	184.21	4.65
MCI-Va (n = 112)	180.83	74.24	185.84	6.29
ADD (n = 578)	161.83	68.93	178.52	3.00
VaD (n = 93)	167.38	66.01	192.32	7.13
Out Superior
CU (n = 301)	220.49	71.63	178.24	4.91
MCI-AD (n = 196)	199.18	67.16	196.42	4.75
MCI-Va (n = 112)	197.66	72.93	203.18	6.43
ADD (n = 578)	170.77	73.34	188.23	3.06
VaD (n = 93)	174.11	66.43	201.53	7.28
Out Nasal
CU (n = 301)	160.35	75.39	120.99	4.95
MCI-AD (n = 196)	149.85	74.53	147.08	4.79
MCI-Va (n = 112)	141.16	70.36	145.39	6.48
ADD (n = 578)	119.88	67.00	136.59	3.09
VaD (n = 93)	133.88	74.12	158.16	7.34
Out Inferior
CU (n = 301)	184.21	72.08	138.14	4.80
MCI-AD (n = 196)	163.63	70.09	160.53	4.64
MCI-Va (n = 112)	158.76	77.65	162.84	6.28
ADD (n = 578)	137.36	67.67	157.41	2.99
VaD (n = 93)	147.47	71.72	173.58	7.11
Average thicknesss
CU (n = 301)	197.91	69.70	154.81	4.56
MCI-AD (n = 196)	178.92	65.18	176.35	4.41
MCI-Va (n = 112)	173.39	70.92	178.34	5.97
ADD (n = 578)	151.24	65.60	169.35	2.84
VaD (n = 93)	159.53	65.88	185.90	6.76
Subfoveal choroidal thickness
CU (n = 301)	224.56	87.90	178.64	5.86
MCI-AD (n = 196)	197.20	80.67	194.38	5.68
MCI-Va (n = 112)	191.11	88.43	196.49	7.68
ADD (n = 578)	169.36	81.27	188.56	3.65
VaD (n = 93)	178.00	86.95	206.77	8.70
Total volume
CU (n = 301)	5.60	1.97	4.38	0.13
MCI-AD (n = 196)	5.06	1.84	4.98	0.12
MCI-Va (n = 112)	4.90	2.01	5.04	0.17
ADD (n = 578)	4.28	1.86	4.79	0.08
VaD (n = 93)	4.51	1.86	5.26	0.19

Raw and adjusted CT, standard deviation (SD) and standard error of the mean (SEM) are shown. Dispersion is shown as SEM
^aa = after adjustment for the following factors: age, sex, years of education, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, COPD, stroke, smoking and OCT image quality, using multivariate regression analysis
Abbreviations: ADD Alzheimer’s disease dementia, CT Choroidal thickness, CU Cognitively unimpaired, CV Cerebrovascular, MCI-AD Mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer´s disease, MCI-Va Mild cognitive impairment due to CV pathology, SD Standard deviation, SEM Standard error of the mean, VaD Vascular dementia
Regions in the ETDRS grid are divided into "Inner" and "Outer" zones, with "Inner" representing CT measurements within a 3 mm radius and "Outer" representing CT measurements within a 6 mm radius, corresponding to specific areas used for CT measurements in the study. The abbreviations used in the table are as follows: In Temporal = Inner Temporal, In Superior = Inner Superior, In Nasal = Inner Nasal, In Inferior = Inner Inferior. Similarly, Out Temporal = Outer Temporal, Out Superior = Outer Superior, Out Nasal = Outer Nasal, and Out Inferior = Outer Inferior

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ISSN: 1758-9193

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