Fig. 3
From: Variables associated with cognitive function: an exposome-wide and mendelian randomization analysis
Variables significantly associated with cognitive functions through LASSO and ridge regression analysis. Association between variables and cognitive functions were explored using multivariate, LASSO, and ridge regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, and APOE ε4 status. The green box represents variable positively associated with better cognitive function, while red box represents variable negatively associated with cognitive function. Highlighted variables indicate correlations with multiple cognitive tests in each analytic approach; variables that were significantly validated in LASSO and ridge analysis were underlined. FI, fluid intelligence test; PAM, pairs matching test; RT, reaction time test; PM, prospective memory test; Edu, education; SES, socioeconomic status; Exam, medical examinations; PA, physical activity; Early, Early life factors; Hous, household; Env, environment; Sun, sun exposure