Fig. 4

DOR activation inhibited inflammatory cytokines release in APP/PS1 mouse and Aβ1-42 oligomer exposed BV2 cell line. C: the control BV2 cells; A: Aβ1-42 oligomer exposed BV2 cells; U: UFP-512; N: naltrindole; D: DAMGO; X: naltrexone. (A) Evaluation of the inflammatory events in the cortex and hippocampus region of WT mice and APP/PS1 mice. n = 4. Cortex: TNF-α:^*p = 0.0218 vs. WT. IL-1β: ^*p = 0.0203 vs. WT. Hippocampus: TNF-α:^*p = 0.0286 vs. WT. IL-1β: ^**p = 0.0080 vs. WT. Unpaired t test was used to analyze the statistical significance. (B,C )Effects of DOR and MOR on inflammatory cytokines in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. n = 3. Cortex: TNF-α:^***p = 0.0004, ^**p = 0.0068 or 0.0050 vs. WT; ^Δp = 0.0477 vs. AD. IL-1β: ^***p = 0.0005 vs. WT; ^Δp = 0.0149 vs. AD. Hippocampus: TNF-α: ^****p < 0.0001, ^*p = 0.0133 vs. WT; ^Δp = 0.0288 vs. AD. IL-1β: ^****p < 0.0001, ^*p = 0.0291 or 0.0217 vs. WT; ^Δp = 0.0467 vs. AD. Unpaired t test was used to analyze the statistical significance. (D) Aβ1-42 oligomer induced changes in proinflammatory cytokines in BV2 cell line. n = 3. TNF-α: ^*p = 0.0329, ^**p = 0.0039, ^***p = 0.0005 vs. C. IL-1β: ^****p < 0.0001 vs. C. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze statistical significance. (E, F) Effects of DOR and MOR on TNF-α and IL-1β in Aβ1-42 exposed BV2 cells. n = 3. TNF-α: (E): ^****p < 0.0001, ^***p = 0.0006 vs. C. ^ΔΔp = 0.0061 vs. A. (F): ^***p = 0.0001 or 0.0004, ^**p = 0.0012 vs. C. IL-1β: (E): ^****p < 0.0001, ^**p = 0.0013 vs. C. ^ΔΔp = 0.0071 vs. A. (F): ^***p = 0.0004, ^**p = 0.0011 or 0.0051 vs. C. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the statistical significance