Fig. 2

Fecal metabolome in the AD continuum. Box plots of quantification values of the representative fecal metabolites with significant group differences. Quantification values of Arachidonic, Adrenic, and Lithocholic acids showed a progressive increase from HC to MCI to AD. The asterisks reflect the statistical significance of the pairwise comparisons. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer’s disease; HC, healthy controls; MCI, mild cognitive impairment