Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population according to the diabetes status group
From: Diabetes status, duration, and risk of dementia among ischemic stroke patients
Total (n = 118,790) | Non-diabetic (n = 60,365, 50.82%) | IFG (n = 29,873, 25.15%) | NODM (n = 1,503, 1.27%) | DM < 5 years (n = 12,623, 10.63%) | DM ≥ 5 years (n = 14,426, 12.14%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 64.26 ± 9.95 | 63.58 ± 10.31 | 64.27 ± 10.02 | 66.23 ± 11.14 | 64.76 ± 9.2 | 66.46 ± 8.26 | < 0.0001 |
≥ 65 years | 61,710 (51.95) | 29,773 (49.32) | 15,439 (51.68) | 870(57.88) | 6,797 (53.85) | 8,831 (61.22) | < 0.0001 |
Sex, male | 57,018 (48) | 26,680 (44.20) | 15,239 (51.01) | 865(57.55) | 6,793 (53.81) | 7,441 (51.58) | < 0.0001 |
Low income | 22,202 (18.69) | 11,346 (18.8) | 5,411 (18.11) | 318(21.16) | 2,578 (20.42) | 2,549 (17.67) | < 0.0001 |
Obesity, BMI ≥ 25 | 49,516 (41.69) | 22,210 (36.79) | 13,562 (45.40) | 581 (38.65) | 6,685 (52.96) | 6,478 (44.90) | < 0.0001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 24.45 ± 3.15 | 24.08 ± 3.08 | 24.7 ± 3.12 | 24.15 ± 3.18 | 25.31 ± 3.24 | 24.76 ± 3.17 | < 0.0001 |
Waist circumference, cm | 83.89 ± 8.48 | 82.42 ± 8.33 | 84.52 ± 8.29 | 84.27 ± 8.71 | 86.75 ± 8.31 | 86.22 ± 8.28 | < 0.0001 |
Smoking | 16,127 (13.58) | 7,717 (12.78) | 4,036 (13.51) | 273(18.16) | 2,088 (16.54) | 2,013 (13.95) | < 0.0001 |
Ex- | 20,484 (17.24) | 9,513 (15.76) | 5,679 (19.01) | 288(19.16) | 2,372 (18.79) | 2,632 (18.24) | < 0.0001 |
Alcohol | 31,971 (30.82) | 15,245 (25.25) | 9,292 (31.10) | 526 (34.99) | 3,574 (28.31) | 3,334 (23.11) | < 0.0001 |
Regular physical activity | 23,823 (20.05) | 11,766 (19.49) | 6,035 (20.2) | 282(18.76) | 2,620 (20.76) | 3,120 (21.63) | < 0.0001 |
Hypertension | 77,961 (65.63) | 35,501 (58.82) | 20,249 (67.78) | 1,097 (72.99) | 9,769 (77.39) | 11,345 (78.64) | < 0.0001 |
Dyslipidemia | 47,339 (39.85) | 20,382 (33.76) | 15,084 (40.45) | 573 (38.13) | 6,624 (52.48) | 7,676 (53.21) | < 0.0001 |
Chronic kidney disease | 20,576 (17.32) | 8,824 (14.62) | 5,077 (17) | 347 (23.09) | 2,388 (18.92) | 3,940 (27.31) | < 0.0001 |
Proteinuria | 5,973 (5.03) | 1,975 (3.27) | 1,316 (4.41) | 88 (5.85) | 908 (7.19) | 1,686 (11.69) | < 0.0001 |
Depression | 15,080 (12.69) | 7,601 (12.59) | 3,680 (12.32) | 189 (12.57) | 1,609 (12.75) | 2,001 (13.87) | 0.0002 |
Atrial fibrillation | 3,402 (2.86) | 1,596 (2.64) | 876 (2.93) | 68 (4.52) | 427 (3.38) | 435 (3.02) | < 0.0001 |
SBP, mmHg | 128.77 ± 16.05 | 127.31 ± 15.9 | 129.8 ± 15.84 | 130.85 ± 16.7 | 130.82 ± 16.18 | 130.68 ± 16.35 | < 0.0001 |
DBP, mmHg | 78.45 ± 10.22 | 78.09 ± 10.14 | 79.19 ± 10.22 | 79.77 ± 10.3 | 79.24 ± 10.22 | 77.56 ± 10.36 | < 0.0001 |
Fasting plasma glucose, mg/dL | 105.5 ± 31.53 | 88.73 ± 7.45 | 108.51 ± 6.77 | 143.12 ± 24.19 | 132.61 ± 43.89 | 141.81 ± 53.01 | < 0.0001 |
Total Cholesterol, mg/dL | 194.43 ± 39.55 | 195.06 ± 37.98 | 199.3 ± 39.31 | 197.81 ± 43.06 | 192.06 ± 42.23 | 183.46 ± 41.43 | < 0.0001 |
HDL, mg/dL | 54.01 ± 32.65 | 54.84 ± 32.46 | 54.84 ± 34.54 | 53.66 ± 23.92 | 51.53 ± 30.66 | 51.04 ± 31.55 | < 0.0001 |
LDL, mg/dL | 113.46 ± 41.05 | 115.32 ± 40.27 | 116.74 ± 40.28 | 113.86 ± 47.93 | 108.63 ± 42.66 | 103.03 ± 41.64 | < 0.0001 |
*Triglyceride, mg/dL | 126.39 (126.02–126.77) | 118.21 (117.73–118.69) | 130.72 (129.96–131.49) | 136.73 (133.02–140.54) | 146.19 (144.82–147.57) | 136.24 (135.05–137.43) | < 0.0001 |
GFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 79.14 ± 32.95 | 80.55 ± 33.84 | 78.88 ± 31.94 | 76.96 ± 39.03 | 78.32 ± 29.27 | 74.73 ± 33.15 | < 0.0001 |
*rGTP, IU/L | 27.62 (27.51–27.72) | 25.06 (24.93–25.19) | 29.9 (29.66–30.14) | 32.61 (31.34–33.93) | 34.93 (34.48–35.39) | 28.13 (27.83–28.44) | < 0.0001 |
T2DM duration, years | - | - | - | - | 1.91 (0.23–3.62) | 7.08 (6.23–7.46) |