Linking oxysterols and different stages of mild cognitive impairment: insights from gut metabolites and N6-methyladenosine

Table 4 Serum lipids, lipoproteins, and oxysterols among groups

	Control	EMCI	LMCI	P	Adjusted P value for pairwise comparisons
TC (mmol/L)	4.60 ± 1.52	4.80 ± 1.50	4.63 ± 1.46	0.033¹	Control < EMCI, P = 0.043
TG (mmol/L)	1.42 ± 0.97	1.59 ± 1.01	1.45 ± 0.90	0.184¹
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.22 ± 0.37	1.23 ± 0.44	1.19 ± 0.43	0.315¹
LDL-C (mmol/L)	2.48 ± 1.14	2.73 ± 1.10	2.53 ± 1.17	0.029¹	Control < EMCI, P = 0.024
ox-LDL (ng/mL)	288.08 ± 183.06	290.83 ± 120.45	305.01 ± 183.96	0.027²	Control < LMCI, P = 0.016 EMCI < LMCI, P = 0.026
ox-HDL (ng/mL)	55.27 ± 6.12	59.00 ± 8.61	53.97 ± 18.96	0.006¹	Control < EMCI, P = 0.009 LMCI < EMCI, P = 0.037
27-OHC (µmol/L)	14.87 ± 4.69	16.21 ± 4.28	17.21 ± 4.14	0.006¹	Control < LMCI, P = 0.006
24S-OHC (µmol/L)	23.10 ± 7.41	27.27 ± 8.96	26.19 ± 7.13	0.004¹	Control < EMCI, P = 0.007 Control < LMCI, P = 0.018
27-CA (µmol/L)	50.40 ± 25.88	41.76 ± 13.49	47.82 ± 19.93	0.345¹
7-HOCA (µmol/L)	32.02 ± 27.21	34.30 ± 14.95	35.32 ± 18.60	0.437¹

¹P value for Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test for continuous variables with skewed distribution, which were presented as medians ± interquartile range. Adjusted P value by Bonferroni correction
²P value for one way ANOVA test for continuous variables with normal distribution, which were presented as means ± SDs. Adjusted P value by LSD correction
Abbreviations: EMCI, early mild cognitive impairment; LMCI, late mild cognitive impairment; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ox-LDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein; ox-HDL, oxidized high-density lipoprotein; 27-OHC, 27-hydroxycholesterol; 24S-OHC, 24S-hydroxycholesterol; 27-CA, 3β-hydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid; 7-HOCA, 7α-hydroxy-3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid

ISSN: 1758-9193